两位科学家竞相开发新型埃博拉疫苗
Two scientists on their race to make a new Ebola vaccin…
The Bundibugyo strain of Ebola causing the ongoing outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo currently has no vaccine. The Conversation Weekly podcast speaks to two researchers working to develop one.
导致刚果民主共和国持续爆发的邦迪布吉奥埃博拉毒株目前尚无疫苗。《对话周刊》播客采访了两名正在开发疫苗的研究人员。
As health workers in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) continue to battle an ongoing Ebola outbreak, scientists around the world are racing to develop a vaccine against the strain of the virus that’s causing it.
在刚果民主共和国（DRC）的医护人员持续与正在爆发的埃博拉疫情作斗争之际，世界各地的科学家们正竞相开发针对该病毒毒株的疫苗。
Two approved vaccines exist for Ebola, but they target the Zaire strain of the virus, not the Bundibugyo strain causing the 2026 outbreak – which has so far killed 61 people, with 359 confirmed cases in the DRC and neighbouring Uganda.
目前已批准的埃博拉疫苗有两种，但它们针对的是扎伊尔毒株，而非引发2026年疫情的邦迪布吉约毒株——该毒株迄今已造成61人死亡，在刚果民主共和国和邻国乌干达确认了359例病例。
The outbreak is centred in the Ituri province of northeastern DRC, where conflict, displaced people, a large migrant community and poorly resourced health facilities make stopping the spread particularly challenging.
此次疫情中心位于刚果民主共和国东北部的伊图里省，当地冲突、流离失所者、大型移民社区以及资源匮乏的医疗设施，使得阻止疫情传播尤为困难。
In this episode of The Conversation Weekly podcast, we speak to two scientists from the Oxford Vaccine Group at the University of Oxford, Teresa Lambe and Rebecca Makinson, who are developing a vaccine candidate for Bundibugyo virus. On June 1, they were among three research groups to receive fast-track funding from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, alongside Moderna and IAVI.
在本期《对话周报》播客节目中，我们采访了牛津大学牛津疫苗小组的两名科学家——特蕾莎·兰姆和丽贝卡·麦金森。她们正在开发一种针对邦迪布吉约病毒的疫苗候选物。6月1日，她们与莫德纳和IAVI等三个研究小组一起，获得了流行病预防创新联盟的快速通道资金支持。
The Oxford group are using ChADOx1, a viral-vector platform that formed the basis of the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, and adapting it for use against the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola. This builds on previous work developing a vaccine against another strain of Ebola in 2022.
牛津小组正在使用ChADOx1，这是一个构成了牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗基础的病毒载体平台，并将其调整用于对抗邦迪布吉约埃博拉毒株。这建立在2022年开发针对另一种埃博拉毒株疫苗的先前工作之上。
Development of a vaccine typically involves three stages: pre-clinical trials, tests in animals, and manufacture of batches of the vaccine for use in clinical trials in humans, explains Lambe. “Because we are using a platform technology where we have amassed a lot of knowledge around how to make these types of vaccines, we’re trying to run each of those different streams at the same time.”
兰姆解释说，疫苗的开发通常涉及三个阶段：临床前试验、动物测试，以及用于人体临床试验的疫苗批次生产。“因为我们使用的是一种平台技术，我们积累了大量关于如何制造这类疫苗的知识，所以我们正试图同时运行这些不同的流程。”
Lambe says they have already begun testing the vaccine on small animals while manufacturing batches of it for trials, adding that they hope to do a phase one clinical trial “relatively soon, and certainly faster than you would routinely do”.
兰姆说，他们已经开始在小型动物身上测试疫苗，同时也在生产用于试验的批次，并补充说，他们希望“相对较快地进行一期临床试验，而且肯定比常规的进度要快”。
“The question isn’t really whether we can make an Ebola vaccine because it’s very clear that’s possible,” explains Makinson, a postdoctoral researcher in Lambe’s group. “The big challenge is being able to develop these vaccines … when there’s not an outbreak happening, and then making sure that they’re available as and when and where the outbreaks occur.”
麦金森，兰姆小组的一名博士后研究员解释说：“问题并不是我们是否能制造出埃博拉疫苗，因为这非常明确是可行的。最大的挑战是在没有疫情爆发的情况下开发出这些疫苗……以及确保它们在疫情发生的时间和地点都能获得。”
Listen to the interview with Lambe and Makinson on The Conversation Weekly podcast.
请收听《对话周报》播客节目中与兰姆和麦金森的访谈。
This episode of The Conversation Weekly was written and produced by Gemma Ware, Katie Flood and Mend Mariwany. Mixing by Eleanor Brezzi and theme music by Neeta Sarl.
本期《对话周报》由Gemma Ware、Katie Flood和Mend Mariwany撰写和制作。混音由Eleanor Brezzi完成，主题音乐由Neeta Sarl提供。
Newsclips in this video from France 24 English and CBS News.
本视频中的新闻片段来自法国24英语和CBS新闻。
Listen to The Conversation Weekly via any of the apps listed above, download it directly via our RSS feed or find out how else to listen here. A transcript of this episode is available via the Apple Podcasts or Spotify apps.
您可以通过上述任何应用程序收听《对话周报》，或通过我们的RSS源直接下载，或点击此处了解其他收听方式。本期节目的文字记录可在苹果播客或Spotify应用程序中获取。
Teresa Lambe and Rebecca Makinson are investigators based at the University of Oxford, as part of this research portfolio, have received funds from DHSC and CEPI related to filovirus vaccine research. Teresa Lambe was one of the Principal Investigators overseeing the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine programme and is named as an inventor on a patent application for a vaccine against SARS CoV-2.
特蕾莎·兰姆和丽贝卡·麦金森是牛津大学的研究员，作为该研究组合的一部分，她们收到了来自DHSC和CEPI与丝状病毒疫苗研究相关的资金。特蕾莎·兰姆曾是监督牛津/阿斯利康疫苗项目的主要研究员之一，并且是针对SARS CoV-2疫苗专利申请的发明人之一。
